Centennial Researchers Create "Elastic" Gels

April 18, 2011 - PRLog -- Researchers from North Carolina State University have created a range of soft, elastic gels that change color when exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light – and change back when the UV light is removed or the material is heated up.

The gels are impregnated with a type of photochromic compound called spiropyran. Spiropyrans change color when exposed to UV light, and the color they change into depends on the chemical environment surrounding the material.

The researchers made the gels out of an elastic silicone substance, which can be chemically modified to contain various other chemical compounds – changing the chemical environment inside the material. Changing this interior chemistry allows researchers to fine-tune how the color of the material changes when exposed to UV light.

“For example, if you want the material to turn yellow when exposed to UV light, you would attach carboxylic acid,” explains Dr. Jan Genzer, Celanese Professor of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering at NC State and co-author of a paper describing the research. “If you want magenta, you’d attach hydroxyl. Mix them together, and you get a shade of orange.”

Photochromic compounds are not new, but this is the first time they’ve been incorporated into an elastic material, without impairing the material’s elasticity.

The researchers were also able to create patterns by using a shaped mold to change the chemical make-up of specific regions in the material. For example, applying hydroxyl around a star-shaped mold (like a tiny cookie cutter) on the material would result in a yellow star-shaped pattern appearing on a dark magenta elastic when it is exposed to UV light.

“There are surely applications for this material – it’s flexible, changes color in UV light, reverts to its original color in visible light, and can be patterned,” Genzer says. “At this stage we have not identified the best application yet.”

The paper, “Photochromic materials with tunable color and mechanical flexibility,” was published and featured on the cover of Soft Matter this month. Soft Matter is a journal of the Royal Society of Chemistry. The paper was co-authored by Genzer; Dr. Hyun-Kwan Yang, a postdoctoral research associate at NC State; Dr. A. Evren Ozcam, a former Ph.D. student at NC State; and Dr. Kirill Efimenko, an assistant research professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering at NC State. The research was supported in part by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency.

Written by Matt Shipman, NCSU News Services

About Centennial Campus and NC State University
Centennial Campus (http://www.centennial.ncsu.edu) is an internationally recognized 1,314-acre research park and technology campus owned and operated by North Carolina University. Home to more than 60 corporate, government and non-profit partners, such as Red Hat, ABB, and the USDA, collaborative research projects vary from nanofibers and secure open systems technology to serious gaming and biomedical engineering. Four university college programs also have a significant presence on campus – College of Engineering, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Textiles and the College of Education. NC State is one of the top research universities in the country, with expenditures in research approaching more than $325 million annually. The university ranks third among all public universities (without medical schools) in industry-sponsored research expenditures. (http://www.ncsu.edu)