what is Systems Analysis and how to use in software engineering

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Systems Analysis
Systems analysis the first basic phase in the SDLC after the feasibility study is complete. It aims at a knowledge transfer on the complete working of the area to be computerized from the users to the developers. The person undertaking this mission is called a ‘System Analyst’ and obviously she is the flag bearer in the developers’ team. She interacts with various users across all rungs of the organizational ladder to learn from them how exactly the existing systems are working, what are the sources of data, which different places (like scrolls, registers, ledgers, desks, cabinets, etc) it passes through, how it gets transformed from one form to another, how a single data stream splits into multiple diverse streams and how several data streams mingle together, where and when is application of the mind needed as human intervention for managerial decisions and/ or human capabilities that computers cannot imitate (like manual checking, image/pattern comparison, authorizations, exception handling, etc). Towards all this understanding, the systems analyst has to deploy various methods and tools and use her discerning inter-personal communication skills.

Let us look at some key points of systems analysis:

(i) Systems analyst starts out by asking basic questions about the data processing expected from the software development project. Such questions try to probe into the details of the full working of the existing system.

(ii) A thorough understanding about the financial area to be computerized has to be achieved by the systems analyst at the end of the day. If there are any points missed out here, the computerized systems would be obviously miss out on that, leading to the user’s dissatisfaction.

(iii) Operational setup and environment in which the users work every day has to be minutely appreciated by the systems analyst, so that she could provide the automated systems that would work well in tandem with the rest of the components.

(iv) The systems analysis phrase targets at fully grasping the work flow and data flow about the system on hand, so that later on they could be maped onto computer programs and data storage/processing respectively.

(v) If the existing system has any flaws, such lacunae has to be removed to streamline the system; otherwise such shortcomings may be treated in an unexpected way when it comes to automation and would definitely lead to unpleasant surprises.

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