What is the procedure for Appendectomy, Why is it done?

INDIA, India - Dec. 13, 2018 - PRLog -- An appendectomy is the surgical removal of the appendix and quite a common emergency surgery that is performed to treat appendicitis which is an inflammatory condition of the appendix. The appendix is a small, tube-shaped pouch attached to your large intestine which is located in the lower right side of the abdomen and the exact purpose of the appendix is not known. It is, however, believed that it helps us to recover from diarrhoea, inflammation, and infections of the small and large intestines.  When the appendix becomes inflamed and swollen, bacteria can quickly multiply inside the organ and which then may lead to the formation of pus which can cause pain around the belly button that spreads to the lower right section of the abdomen and walking or coughing can make this pain worse. One may also experience other symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea. It is quite important to seek treatment right away if you are having symptoms of appendicitis as when the condition goes untreated, the appendix can burst and release bacteria and other harmful substances into the abdominal cavity which can be life-threatening.

One of the most effective ways to treat the appendicitis is to surgically remove the infected appendix. If the appendix is not removed on time it can lead to serious repercussions which include bursting of the appendix. The rupturing of the appendix can release harmful bacteria and waste products in the abdomen and cause severe infection. This condition is known as peritonitis. The abscess thus formed can be very dangerous and pose a serious threat to the patient's life.

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Symptoms of appendicitis include stomach pain that starts suddenly near the belly button and spreads to the lower right side of the abdomen, abdominal swelling, rigid abdominal muscle, constipation or diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite and low-grade fever.

One must keep in mind that although pain from appendicitis typically occurs in the lower right side of the abdomen, pregnant women may have pain in the upper right side of the abdomen and it is because the appendix is higher during pregnancy.

An appendectomy is a fairly simple and common procedure, however, there are some risks associated with the surgery which include bleeding, infection, injury to nearby organs and blocked bowels.

It is important to note that the risks of an appendectomy are much less severe than the risks associated with untreated appendicitis and hence an appendectomy needs to be done immediately to prevent abscesses and peritonitis from developing. Appendectomy can be performed in two different ways, open appendectomy and Laparoscopic Appendectomy, depending upon the adversity of the patient's condition, his age and his medical history. It is very important to note that the type of procedure to be performed on a patient is decided only after thoroughly studying their medical history and conducting all the necessary tests and screenings.

As far as the open appendectomy is concerned, it is carried out by making a large incision on the side of the abdomen so that the doctors can reach the affected area easily. The appendix is then removed and the wound is properly stitched up, sterilized and covered to avoid any sort of infection. In the case of patients suffering from peritonitis, the doctors also clean up the abdominal cavity before stitching it up. Hence open appendectomy can prove to be highly beneficial in case of a ruptured appendix or if the patient has an abdominal surgery in the past due to any other reason.

Laparoscopic surgery, on the other hand, is not as invasive as open appendectomy and is carried out by making 2 to 3 small incisions on the patient's abdomen. The surgery involves the use of cannula which is inserted via one of the incisions. The abdominal cavity of the patient is filled with carbon dioxide in order to inflate it and once the abdomen has inflated properly, a long, thin tube known as a Laparoscope is introduced inside the patient's body through another incision. The Laparoscope has a microscopic camera attached to it which helps to generate live images on a big screen. This helps to guide the doctors throughout the procedure and carry out the treatment with high efficiency and accuracy. The appendix is then removed and the incisions are stitched up. Such surgeries are highly beneficial for overweight and elderly people.

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