Laptop motherboard failure classification

Jan. 24, 2011 - PRLog -- Laptop motherboard failure classification
The Laptop motherboard as Laptop system running, the core of the Laptop system plays an important role. The system clock generator with
Sequence control circuit, the CPU and bus control logic, DMA transmission and interrupt control, memory and literacy control logic, system
Configuration parameters storage and literacy, keyboard control logic, the I/O bus slots and even some peripherals control logic (such as print control
System) are integrated on the motherboard/mainboard. Therefore, mainboard failure would not only affect the external equipment in normal operation, and often primers
Unable to start up of the deadly fault.
According to the mainboard failure affected area can be divided into local faults and fault; overall According to the influence degree
With can be divided into independence fault and correlation fault; According to the fault phenomena whether fixed can be divided into stability failure and instability
Sexual failure. Mathematics.however fault refers to the system on one or several function not work normally, such as GW0520DH microcomputer on the mainboard print
Control chip 82C11 attaint, only cause online not print or print is not normal, does not affect other functions; Overall fault
Often affect the normal operation of the whole system (flaky), make its loss of all functions, such as the clock generator damage will make the whole
A system for no normal reference clock paralyzed. Independence refers to a single function complete failure of chip damaged, if the motherboard
A piece of RAM chips attaint, only affect the memory access, Correlation fault refers to a fault and some other fault
Associated, its fault phenomena as functionality is not normal, and its failure to control the essence of the common parts out so function
Disabilities caused. Such as soft, hard disk subsystems are not normal work and soft, hard disk control card on its function control relatively separation
Often, fault on the mainboard of peripherals data transmission control is the DMA control circuit. Stability failure is due to component function
Failure, circuit breakers, short-circuit, its fault phenomena can be caused by repetition, not stable stability failure is often the result
Contact undesirable, components performance becomes poor, make chip logic functions in sometimes normal, sometimes less critical and normal
Cause. As a GW0530B microcomputer address bus 74LS244 chip performance instability, cause system self-check sometimes normal,
Sometimes freezes, and like a station 909 computer due to the system board I/O slots deformation and dust more, cause with the display card inserted
Trough contact undesirable, to display in the unsteady error status.

Clock circuit principle: 3.5 power after diode and the inductance into separate frequency, points after the frequency of an start working, and crystal occur together in crystal oscillations, two feet all can see waveform. Crystal between your feet of the resistance in 450-700 Europe between. In its two feet each have 1V about voltage, by separate frequency theug-actuator offers. Crystal feet ChangSheng frequency sum is 14.318 M.
Total frequency (OSC) in separate frequency device after coming out to PCI slots of B16 feet and ISA B30 feet. These two feet called OSC test feet. Also some still to occurrence, the purpose is to make occurrence frequency more stable. In total frequency OSC online also capacitance. Total frequency line to the earth of resistance in 450-700 Europe between, total frequency clock waveforms amplitude must be greater than 2V level. If boot digital card of OSC bright lights, consult crystal two feet of voltage and waveform; With voltage waveform in total frequency have line normally, for separate frequency device bad, No voltage without wave-form, in separate frequency device power under normal circumstances, to separate frequency is bad, With voltage without wave-form for crystal bad.
No total frequency, south, northbridge, CPU, CACHE, I/O, memory, there is no frequency. A total frequency, also do not have the frequency. Total frequency must be normal, can explain crystals and points the frequency of an essentially normal, mainly is the crystal oscillator circuit has completely normal, whereas it is abnormal.
When the total frequency generated after, separate frequency device begin to divide frequency, R2 will points over the frequency of an points to occurrence frequency, in the occurrence of the processing passes to PCI slots B8 and ISA B20 feet, both the feet that system test feet, this test feet can reflect on the mainboard all the clock is normal or not. The system clock waveforms amplitude must be greater than 1.5 V, these two feet of the resistance in 450-700 Europe between, by providing occurrence.
On the motherboard RESET and disposal of CLK were the occurrence of the total frequency normal, if RESET and CLK all have no, the occurrence of the power supply under normal circumstances, for the occurrence of the bad. The motherboard not switch on, RESET is not normal, consult the total frequency. On the motherboard , the clock line than AD line to thick with some and bending.

P8:
Desc ription Pin Name Color
1 PG Orange (Orange) Power of Christmas, + 5 VDC painters all voltages stabilized. (there is Power normal signal)
2 + 5V ep-red (Red) + 5 VDC (or n/c)
3 + 12 v Yellow (Yellow) + 12 VDC
4 - the 12V Blue (Blue) - 12 VDC
5 GND Black (Black) Ground (Ground)
6 GND Black (Black) Ground (Ground)
P9 connector.test:
Desc ription Pin Name Color
1 GND Black (Black) Ground (Ground)
2 GND Black (Black) Ground (Ground)
3-5V white.on or Yellow - 5 VDC
4 + 5V ep-red (Red) + 5 VDC
5 + 5V ep-red (Red) + 5 VDC
6 + 5V ep-red (Red) + 5 VDC
PCI, AGP, CPU address lines, data of resistance is about 300-800. No clock signal and BIOS against will fall to cannot insert reset.
RESET the INTEL chips in feet bits.
82371EB A1PIN PCIRST W1PIN RSTDV M19PIN CPURST
82443BX B23PIN CPURST M26PIN CRESET A3PIN PCIRST
82810 M2PIN PCIRST AB4PIN CPURST
82815EP H3PIN PCIRST AA5PIN CPURST
82845SD AB25PIN CPURST E6PIN PCIRST
82845E AE17PIN CPURST
82845D AE17PIN CPURST
82850E AF11PIN PCIRST AC8PIN CPURST
The mainboard PCB have above labeled
Boot process is this: chassis power switch press - switch level jump to change - super I/O the power switch pins level jump to change - super I/O output signals to the occurrence of - if all boot okay - occurrence of the required signal output signals to the super I/O - super I/O output low level to ATX power PS - ON foot - the start-up.
Using W83627 / IT8712 / W83977EF/W83977TF super I/O motherboard are so, VIA the 694 chip due to have super I/O integration in VT82C686A/B, so boot input signal is directly to the occurrence of the output signal, also by occurrence of the given directly.
Need explanation is most mainboards boot level is low level, but doesn't want design into high level boot also have not cannot, it depends on the designer's design intent.
The battery is on the mainboard 3V for CMOS circuit and real-time clock circuit, super I/O power supply. Also now CMOS circuit are the mainboard integrated on occurrence.
Reset signal is rely on to the CPU reduction switch sent out a low level signals which works.

If you want to know more, you can visit: http://www.batteryinc.co.uk/Laptop-MotherBoard.htm , http://www.batteryinc.co.uk/Laptop-MotherBoard-HP-Compaq.htm and http://www.batteryinc.co.uk/Laptop-MotherBoard-IBM.htm

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