qaisaryazdani@ymailcom/aliyazdani@ymail.com
(1) Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution.
(2) This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations
International Human Rights and Humanitarian Law 101
1.HUMAN RIGHTS are the rights that all people have by virtue of being human
2.HUMAN RIGHTS are derived from the inherent dignity of the human person
3.Enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights & other international legal instruments
Documenting Human Rights Violations
1. Right to Life: Arbitrary and extrajudicial killings
2. Equality: government privileges for certain tribal groups
3. Personal integrity: beatings
4. Freedom from slavery: forced labor
5. Freedom from arbitrary arrest/detention:
6. Freedom of movement and residence: checkpoints, forced displacements
7. Due Process: detention without charge or trial, no opportunity to present a defense
8.Freedom of opinion and expression: arrests of journalists, confiscation of media equipment
9. Freedom of association and assembly: violent suppression of peaceful protests
10. Right to safe and healthy working conditions: no protection from unsafe chemicals on rubber plantations
11.Right to form trade unions and to strike: harassment of union organizers
12.Right to Social Security: breakdown of government service infrastructure
13. Right to adequate food, clothing and housing: destruction of homes & crops, water contamination because of corpses
14. Right to education: schools closed because of fighting
15. Right to health care: lack of medical care in refugee camps
16. a set of rules which seek to limit the effects of armed conflict on civilians
protection of those who are not, or are no longer, taking part in fighting civilians, religious/medical military personnel, prisoners of war
restrictions on the means and methods of warfare, i.e., weaponry and tactics
17. Crimes Against Humanity are any of the following acts when committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against any civilian population
a. Murder
b. Extermination
c. Enslavement
d. Deportation or forcible transfer of population
18.Crimes Against Humanity (cont’d)
· Imprisonment or other severe deprivation of physical liberty in violation of fundamental rules of international law
a ·Torture and other inhuman acts of a similar character intentionally causing great suffering, or serious injury to body or to mental or physical health
b·Rape, sexual slavery, enforced prostitution, forced pregnancy, enforced sterilization, or any other form of sexual violence of comparable gravity
c·Persecution against any identifiable group or collectivity on political, racial, national, ethnic, cultural, religious, gender, or other grounds that are universally recognized as impermissible under international law
d·Enforced disappearance of persons
e·The crime of apartheid
19 . enocide is defined as:
a· Killing members of the group
b·Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group
c·Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part
d·Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group
e·Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group
20. international Criminal Law
a.Under the Rome Statute of the ICC, war crimes are any of the following breaches of the Geneva Conventions:
· Willful killing
·Torture or inhuman treatment, including biological experiments
· Willfully causing great suffering, or serious injury to body or health
b ·Extensive destruction and appropriation of property, not justified by military necessity and carried out unlawfully and wantonly
c· Compelling a prisoner of war or other protected person to serve in the forces of a hostile power
d· Willfully depriving a prisoner of war or other protected person of the rights of fair and regular trial
e· Unlawful deportation or transfer or unlawful confinement, and taking of
hostages
Article 7
All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law. All are entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against any incitement to such discrimination.
•Article 8
Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law.
•Article 9
No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile.
•Article 10
Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him.
•Article 11
(1) Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which he has had all the guarantees necessary for his defence.
• (2) No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute a penal offence, under national or international law, at the time when it was committed.
HOWRAH DISTRIC HEAD OFFICE
Secretary General : Mr. Ali Yazdani
E - mail : aliyazdani@ymail.com
Mobile no: 9903875659
Ph - no : 033 – 26382160
E– mail : ihrpahowrah@
Address : 30/4 Noor Md Munshi Lane ( TikiaPara ) Howrah - 711 101
Photo:
http://www.prlog.org/
