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Azoospermia Treatment In India
Azoospermia is the complete absence of sperm in the semen and as such means that a man will be completely infertile. The diagnosis of azoospermia is sometimes still made even though as many as 500,000 sperm per ml of semen may have been seen because it is extremely unlikely that the man will be able to father a child naturally with this number of sperm. It’s incredible to realise that millions are needed for any chance of natural conception!..
Frequently Asked Questions about Azoospermia : -
What is azoospermia and can a person with azoospermia have biological children ?
Azoospermia is the term used when there is a complete absence of sperm in the ejaculate. Most males diagnosed with azoospermia would assume that this diagnosis means they would never be able to conceive a child; if there are no sperm how can there be conception?...
A Production Problem or a Delivery Problem ?
Investigations need to be carried out to discover whether the testes are simply not producing sperm, or are producing sperm but unable to deliver it in the ejaculate. If the testes are making sperm but none are in the ejaculate, the sperm must be retrieved by some other mechanism, either by restoring the normal flow of sperm or by circumventing it. If the testes are not producing sperm then exploration...
The three major causes for lack of sperm production are hormonal problems, "testicular failure," and varicocele.
* Hormonal Problems : - The testicles need pituitary hormones to be stimulated to make sperm. If these are absent or severely decreased, the testes will not produce maximum sperm. If a male uses androgens (steroids) for body building purposes, this can shut down the hormones needed to make sperm.
* Testicular Failure : - This refers to the inability of the sperm producing part of the testicle (the seminiferous epithelium) to make adequate numbers of mature sperm. This failure may occur at any stage in sperm production for a number of reasons....
Evaluation of Azoospermia
Determining which of the above causes, or a combination of them, is the reason for the patient's azoospermia is often complex.
Some of the available tests are listed below : -
* Physical Examination
This is the simplest test. If the size of the testicles is severely diminished, this is an indication that the seminiferous epithelium is affected. Follow up hormonal profiles can determine whether this is a primary problem or caused by less than adequate hormonal stimulation....
Hormonal Evaluation
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is the hormone made by the pituitary, which is responsible for stimulating the testes to make sperm. When the sperm producing capacity of the testes is diminished, the pituitary makes more FSH in an attempt to make the testes do its job....
Urinalysis
It is possible that ejaculation is occurring backwards, ie. the sperm is being pushed into the bladder, and then washed out when the man urinates after ejaculation. Sometimes this can be corrected by oral medication. If not, the urine can be prepared so that it does not damage the sperm as much, and the sperm is then harvested from the post-ejaculatory urine.
Testicular Biopsy
Finally, if a primary testicular problem is suspected then a testicular biopsy can be undertaken.
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